海南农村民居抗震性能调查与研究     

施春花  张建设  刘俊华  吴小江  庞雪华 《世界地震工程》2012,28(1):125-129

海南农村民居以砌体结构为主,具有门窗开口大、层高较高和整体性强等特点.为了研究分析这类民居的抗震性能与抗震对策,在收集大量当地农村民居样本的基础上,综合出典型结构模型,并对该典型模型及基于该模型的隔震模型和加强结构模型分别进行了模拟地震振动台试验.试验结果表明:隔震技术能明显降低结构地震反应,在高烈度地区应适当推广和运用.原结构模型基本满足7.5度设防标准.在8度大震作用下,结构遭遇严重破坏但未倒塌,说明其具有一定的抗倒塌能力.结构加固后,整体抗震性能得到了加强.结合试验结果,给出了相应对策与建议.  相似文献   

珠三角县域城市潜力的时空关联结构演变     

梅志雄徐颂军  欧阳军 《地理学报》2014,69(4):497-509

基于1990、1994、2000、2005 和2009年公路网数据和经因子分析得到的县域城市综合实力指数,采用扩展的潜力模型测度县域潜力指数,运用时空自相关方法探讨珠三角县域潜力的时空关联格局及其演变,并与空间关联格局对比及与交叉相关函数比较检验其准确性。结果表明：① 珠三角县域潜力总体上具正时空关联性,但关联程度不高,1994-2005年缓慢加强而2005-2009年趋于减弱。大多县域潜力的局部时空关联特征相对稳定,且以正相关为主,但部分县市时空关联类型发生了明显转化。② 县域潜力的局部时空关联类型分布差异及其变化明显,时空HH区分布于中部地带和东部的深圳—东莞地带,2000年后中部的时空HH区范围收缩至广—佛核心都市区;西部时空LL区连片分布格局相对稳定,中南部2005年开始出现新的时空LL区,东部时空LL区范围1994-2000年扩大而后逐步收缩,2009年零星分布于东部边缘;时空异质区变化较剧烈。③ 三大地带县域潜力的局部时空关联特征反差鲜明,东部与中部差异趋于缩小,而西部与中、东部的差异进一步扩大。④ 时空自相关方法能有效挖掘县域潜力的时空关联模式,比仅考虑空间效应的ESDA方法更能准确客观揭示县域潜力间的时空交互关系。  相似文献   

Variations of bank shift rates along the Yinchuan Plain reach of the Yellow River and their influencing factors     

Suiji Wang  Ling Li  Weiming Cheng 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(4):703-716

It is important to examine the lateral shift rate variation of river banks in different periods. One of the challenges in this regard is how to obtain the shift rate of river banks, as gauging stations are deficient for the study of river reaches. The present study selected the Yinchuan Plain reach of the Yellow River with a length of 196 km as a case study, and searched each point of intersection of 153 cross-sections (interval between two adjacent cross-sections was 1.3 km) and river banks in 1975, 1990, 2010 and 2011, which were plotted according to remote sensing images in those years. Then the shift rates for the points of intersection during 1975–1990, 1990–2010 and 2010–2011 were calculated, as well as the average shift rates for different sections and different periods. The results show that the left bank of the river reach shifts mostly to the right, with the average shift rates being 36.5 m/a, 27.8 m/a and 61.5 m/a in the three periods, respectively. Contemporarily, the right bank shifts mostly to the right in the first period, while it shifts to the left in the second and third periods, with the average shift rates being 31.7 m/a, 23.1 m/a and 50.8 m/a in the three periods, respectively. The average shift rates for the left and right banks during the period 1975–2011 are 22.3 m/a and 14.8 m/a, respectively. The bank shift rates for sections A, B and C are different. The shift rate ratio of the left bank in the three sections is 1:7.6:4.6 for shift to the left and 1:1.7:3.8 for shift to the right, while that of the right bank is 1:1.8:1.2 for shift to the left and 1:5.6:17.7 for shift to the right during the period 1975–2011. Obviously, the average shift rate is the least in section A, while it is maximum in section B for shift to the left and in section C for shift to the right. The temporal variation of the shift rate is influenced by human activities, while the spatial variation is controlled by the local difference in bank materials.  相似文献   

Application of passive source surface-wave method in site engineering seismic survey          下载免费PDF全文

Chaofan Wang  Jian Zhang  Lihui Yan  Hui Liu  Dong Zhao 《地震科学（英文版）》2014,27(1):101-106

Site engineering seismic survey provides basic data for seismic effect analysis. As an important parameter of soil, shear-wave velocity is usually obtained through wave velocity testing in borehole. In this paper, the passive source surface-wave method is introduced into the site engineering seismic survey and practically applied in an engineering site of Shijingshan District. By recording the ubiquitous weak vibration on the earth surface, extract the dispersion curve from the surface-wave components using the SPAC method and obtain the shear-wave velocity structure from inversion. Over the depth of 42 m underground, it totally consists of five layers with interface depth of 3.31, 4.50, 7.23, 17.41, and 42.00 m; and shear-wave velocity of 144.0, 198.3, 339.4, 744.2, and 903.7 m/s, respectively. The inversion result is used to evaluate site classification, determine the maximum shear modulus of soil, provide basis for further seismic hazard analysis and site assessment or site zoning, etc. The result shows that the passive source surface-wave method is feasible in the site engineering seismic survey and can replace boreholes, shorten survey period, and reduce engineering cost to some extent.  相似文献   

The 20 April 2013 Lushan,Sichuan, mainshock,and its aftershock sequence: tectonic implications   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

Jianshe Lei  Guangwei Zhang  Furen Xie 《地震科学（英文版）》2014,27(1):15-25

Using the double-difference relocation algorithm, we relocated the 20 April 2013 Lushan, Sichuan, earthquake (M _S 7.0), and its 4,567 aftershocks recorded during the period between 20 April and May 3, 2013. Our results showed that most aftershocks are relocated between 10 and 20 km depths, but some large aftershocks were relocated around 30 km depth and small events extended upward near the surface. Vertical cross sections illustrate a shovel-shaped fault plane with a variable dip angle from the southwest to northeast along the fault. Furthermore, the dip angle of the fault plane is smaller around the mainshock than that in the surrounding areas along the fault. These results suggest that it may be easy to generate the strong earthquake in the place having a small dip angle of the fault, which is somewhat similar to the genesis of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The Lushan mainshock is underlain by the seismically anomalous layers with low-V_P, low-V_S, and high-Poisson’s ratio anomalies, possibly suggesting that the fluid-filled fractured rock matrices might significantly reduce the effective normal stress on the fault plane to bring the brittle failure. The seismic gap between Lushan and Wenchuan aftershocks is suspected to be vulnerable to future seismic risks at greater depths, if any.  相似文献   

经济地理学与空间治理   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7  

刘卫东 《地理学报》2014,69(8):1109-1116

经济地理学是一门研究真实世界的学科,在社会实践中发挥着重要作用。满足国家和社会的需求,是这个学科发展的生命力所在。针对当前全面深化改革的新形势以及“未来地球”计划的提出,本文倡导开展面向空间治理的经济地理学研究,提高该学科服务于国家战略决策的能力。之后本文阐述了中国空间治理的政治文化基础;分析了中国空间治理的主要手段,包括规划体制、土地制度、户籍制度和财税体制。本文认为,只有客观、全面地观察中国的空间治理体系,并将其理论知识化,才能使经济地理学研究具有更大的科学价值和实践意义,也才能为国家提高空间治理能力提供科学支撑。  相似文献   

关中城市群工业分工协调及密集带规划研究          下载免费PDF全文

薛东前  段志勇  贺伟光 《干旱区地理》2013,36(6):1125-1135

以关中城市群为研究区域,选取西安、咸阳、宝鸡、渭南、铜川5个地级市2010年统计年鉴中工业分行业产值数据,采用产业结构相似系数和产业区域同构系数的计算方法,对关中5个地级市工业行业相似程度和地区间产业同构程度进行测度分析,结果表明：关中城市群中13.9%的工业行业存在产业同构问题,36.1%的工业行业存在严重的产业同构问题。一级核心城市西安和二级核心城市宝鸡的工业产业同构程度较大（0.678）,不利于产业转移和产业链的延伸升级。咸阳和渭南、咸阳和铜川的工业同构程度也较大,不利于区域间产业分工和合作,需要进行协调整合。通过选用区位商、产业专门化率、产业比较劳动生产率作为指标,对关中5个地级市工业行业发展情况进行综合比较,得出各市综合优势工业产业,进一步确定各市工业产业重点发展方向。依照产业地理分布状况,结合各市产业专业化及关中专业化情况、产业规模和产业链条及产品分工,提出关中城市群应重点发展汽车生产制造、石油化工、纺织服装、机电装备、有色金属、医药制造、食品饮料烟草等七大工业密集带。产业密集带作为最有效的产业空间组织形式,可为关中城市群工业发展形成规模与集聚效应提供理论支持。  相似文献   

杭州湾浅层粉土动力特性研究     

刘瑞民  叶银灿  陈小玲 《海洋学研究》2013,31(3):49-54

选用杭州湾广泛分布的浅层粉土为研究对象,进行了一系列动三轴加载试验,研究了结构性、加载频率及动应力对杭州湾海底浅层粉土动应变、临界循环应力比和动强度的影响。试验结果表明,同一加载条件下,重塑样比原状样在更小振次内达到破坏,原状样动强度大于重塑样;结构性是影响土样动强度的重要因素,结构性对土样强度的影响随着动应力的增大而增强,随着频率的增大而减弱;加载频率的变化也对试样动力特性有较大影响,随着频率的增大,试样达到破坏所需振次加大,试样临界循环应力比也随之增大。  相似文献   

黑龙江省东部方正断陷内部格局的新认识及沉积-构造演化^*          下载免费PDF全文

邵曌一  杨建国  王洪伟  吴根耀  赵海玲 《古地理学报》2013,15(3):339-350

依据黑龙江东部方正断陷新的三维地震资料,重新厘定了其主干断层——伊汉通断层（FZ3）,发现该断层规模明显变大,对断陷的沉积-构造演化具有明显的控制作用。依据对伊汉通断层的新认识和FZ4、FZ5断层的发现,以及FZ6和FZ7断层的特征,确定方正断陷内部结构具有南北向（走向）分段、东西向（横向）分带的特点,并将方正断陷的沉积-构造演化划分成古近纪古新世—始新世的断陷期、始新世末的挤压隆起期、渐新世的差异沉降期和古近纪末期的挤压反转期4个阶段,指出东部凹陷埋藏深、面积大,是方正断陷新的油气勘探领域。  相似文献   

蒙古国东方省海塔盆地塔南凹陷断裂特征及其油气意义          下载免费PDF全文

陈玮常  漆家福  姜洪福  刘学  孙加华  辛世伟 《古地理学报》2013,15(4):539-550

以三维地震资料解释为基础,通过编制相关构造图件揭示了海塔盆地塔南凹陷的断裂构造特征和构造演化过程,分析了构造活动对沉积作用的控制以及对烃源岩发育、圈闭形成和油气运移聚集条件的影响。塔南凹陷白垩纪经历了叠合断陷期(铜钵庙组—南屯组沉积时期）、叠合断拗期(大磨拐河组沉积时期）和反转拗陷期(伊敏组—青元岗组沉积时期）共3期演化,发育伸展和走滑—伸展两套断裂系统。受断裂活动影响,不同时期各次凹的沉降中心发生了明显的分异与迁移。断陷期沉降中心沿断陷边界断层上盘分布,断拗期沉降中心向凹陷中心迁移。断陷期结构样式及主干断裂活动强度控制着沉积相的分布,也影响油气成藏。  相似文献